Sapphire dutse ma'ana a cikin Littafi Mai -Tsarki .
Saffir yana nufin gaskiya, aminci da gaskiya. Hakanan ana danganta saffir da alherin Allah. Blue wani launi ne da firistoci ke amfani da shi don nuna alaƙar su da sammai. A tsakiyar zamanai, saffir yana wakiltar haɗin firist da sama, kuma sapphires suna cikin zoben bishop. Su ma duwatsu ne sarakuna suka zaɓa. Sapphire kuma alama ce ta sadaukar da kai ga Allah.
LEGEND
Dangane da tatsuniya, Musa ya karɓi Dokoki Goma a kan allunan saffir, wanda ke sa dutsen ya zama mai tsarki kuma wakilin alherin Allah. Tsoffin Farisa sun yi imani cewa ƙasa ta dogara ne akan katon saffir kuma sararin samaniya yana da launin shuɗi saboda ƙyalli na saffir.
Kuma an kawata harsashin ginin garun birnin da dukan duwatsu masu daraja. Tushen farko shi ne yasfa; na biyu, saffir; na uku, chalcedony; na huɗu, emerald; 20na na biyar, sardonic; na shida, sardium; na bakwai, chrysolite; na takwas, beryl; na tara, topaz; na goma, chrysoprase; na sha ɗaya, hyacinth; na goma sha biyu, amethyst. Wahayin Yahaya 21: 19-20 .
SAPPHIRE: DUTSEN HIKIMA
Menene saffir yake wakilta? .Sapphire yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan mahimman duwatsu huɗu a duniya kuma mafi kyau kusa da yaƙutu, lu'u -lu'u da emerald.
Hakanan ana kiranta Ultralite, galibi ana samun shi a cikin adibas masu wadatar hematite, bauxite da rutile. Launin launin shuɗi saboda abin da ya ƙunshi ya haɗa da aluminium, titanium da baƙin ƙarfe.
Sapphires suna da alaƙa da gaskiya da aminci. Sapphire gabaɗaya shuɗi ce, kodayake akwai ruwan hoda, rawaya har ma da fari ko ma sapphires marasa launi. Anyi shi da oxide na aluminium da ake kira corundum, shine ma'adanai mafi wuya bayan lu'u -lu'u. Blue corundum shine saffir, yayin da ja kuma shineruby.
TARIHI
Sanskrit sauriratna ya zama kalmar Ibrananci Sapphire = mafi kyawun abubuwa. Ana samun sapphires a duk faɗin duniya, tare da kyawawan duwatsu masu daraja daga Myanmar ko Burma, Ostiraliya da kudu maso gabashin Asiya. An fara samun Sapphires a Amurka a 1865. Yankin da ke kusa da Yogo Gulch, Montana, Amurka. An san shi da launin shuɗi na halitta, sapphires masu inganci waɗanda basa buƙatar magani mai zafi.
Tabbataccen tushen Blue Sapphire yana cikin Ceylon, a yau Sri Lanka, akwai tsohuwar ma'adinai ta Sapphire. A cewar wasu majiyoyi, an riga an san sapphires na Sri Lanka a cikin karni na 480 BC, kuma an ce Sarki Sulemanu ya yi wa sarauniyar Saba ta ba shi Sapphires daga wannan ƙasar, mafi daidai daga yankin da ke kusa da birnin Ratnapura. , wanda ke nufin birni mai daraja a Sinhala.
LAUNAN SAFIRI
Akwai sapphires iri -iri. Dangane da launin su, an san su da saffir baƙar fata, saffir tsaguwa, kore saffir da saffir violet, da sauransu.
Sapphires na wasu launuka an san su da sapphires na fantasy.
- White Sapphire: Wannan dutse yana nuna adalci, ɗabi'a da 'yanci.
- Parti Sapphire: Wannan Sapphire, wanda aka samu a Ostiraliya, haɗin launuka ne da yawa: kore, shuɗi, rawaya da m. Wannan saffir ya haɗu da halayen duk sauran Sapphires. Sapphires na Ostiraliya galibi suna da nuances na kore da ƙungiyoyin hexagonal.
- Black Sapphire: Yana da ƙarfin tushe wanda ke taimakawa shawo kan damuwa da watsa shakku.
- Violet Sapphire: Haɗa tare da ruhaniya. An san shi da Dutse na farkawa.
- Fantasy sapphires:
- A Sri Lanka sanannenPadparadschas ya bayyana,orange sapphires, kuma ruwan hoda da rawaya.
- A Ostiraliya, rawaya da kore sapphires na kyawawan inganci.
- A Kenya, Tanzaniya da Madagascar, safirar fantasy na sautuka iri -iri sun bayyana.
STAR SAPPHIRE
An san shi da Dutse na Hikima da Sa'a.
Makamashi: Mai karɓa.
Duniya: Wata
Abun ruwa.
Ubangiji: Apollo.
Iko: Zuciya, ƙauna, zuzzurfan tunani, salama, sihiri na kariya, warkarwa, kuzari, kuɗi.
Abin da ake kira Asterism ko Star Effect yana faruwa ne ta hanyar haɗaɗɗen sifa mai allura wanda ke tafiya a layi ɗaya ta fuskoki biyu daban-daban kuma yana haifar da tauraro da aka nuna a farfajiyarsa. Waɗannan su ne Rutilium inclusions, wanda kuma ake kira siliki.
An kafa tauraron ta hanyar haɗa ƙananan ramukan silinda a cikin dutse a matsayin ƙananan allurai marasa ƙarfi waɗanda ke ratsa juna a kusurwoyi daban -daban da ke haifar da wani abin da ake kira asterism. A cikin sapphires baƙi suna allurar hematite.
Launin tauraron tauraron ya bambanta daga shuɗi a cikin tabarau daban -daban zuwa ruwan hoda, orange, rawaya, kore, lavender kuma daga launin toka zuwa baƙi. Wakilin da ke canza launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi shine ƙarfe da titanium; vanadium yana samar da duwatsu masu launin shuɗi. Ƙananan abun cikin baƙin ƙarfe yana haifar da sautin rawaya da kore kawai; chromium yana samar da launin ruwan hoda, da baƙin ƙarfe da sautin lemu na vanadium. Mafi yawan launi da ake so shine haske, mai tsananin shuɗi.
Asteria na yau da kullun shine tauraron saffir, yawanci shuɗi-launin toka, madara ko oundlescent corundum, tare da tauraron haskoki shida. A cikin jan corundum, tunani taurari ba kowa bane, sabili da haka, daruby-starlokaci-lokaci yana saduwa da tauraruwar safirat.
Tsofaffin mutanen sun ɗauki sapphires na taurari a matsayin mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda ke kare matafiya da masu neman. An ɗauke su da ƙarfi sosai cewa za su ci gaba da kare mai amfani, koda bayan an canza su zuwa wani mutum.
Alamar zodiac: Taurus.
Deposit: Australia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka da Thailand. Sauran mahimman adibas na tauraron sapphire suna cikin Brazil, Cambodia, China, Kenya, Madagascar. Malawi, Najeriya, Pakistan, Rwanda, Tanzania, Amurka (Montana), Vietnam da Zimbabwe.
MAFARKIN SAPPHIRE
Kodayake samfuran Trapiche sun zama ruwan dare a cikiemeralds, ba su da yawa a cikin corundum kuma galibi ana taƙaita suruby.Trapiche Sapphires, kamaryaƙutukumatarkon Emeralds, ya ƙunshi sassa shida na yaƙutu da aka ƙwace kuma aka raba su da makamai waɗanda ke haifar da tsayayyen tauraro na haskoki shida.
Sunan tarko, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa kamanceceniya da wannan tsarin tare da na babban pinion na injin da ake amfani da shi don fitar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga rake. A yau, ana amfani da wannan kalma don bayyana abin mamaki a cikin duk inda wannan adadi mai kusurwa biyu yake.
Yawancin sapphires na Trapiche, kamar yaƙutu na Trapiche, sun fito ne daga yankin Mong Hsu na Burma da Yammacin Afirka.
Hakanan ana samun wannan tarkon a cikin ma'adanai daban -daban na asali daban -daban, wato: Alexandrite, amethyst, aquamarine, aragonite, chalcedony, spinel, da sauransu.
PADPARADSCHA SAPPHIRE KO FURA LOTUS
Sunan ya fito ne daga Sanskrit Padma raga (Padma = lotus; raga = launi), a zahiri: launi na furen lotus a faɗuwar rana.
Mai ƙima da ƙima iri -iri, ana rarrabe shi da launin rawaya, ruwan hoda da ruwan lemu. Yana da saffir sosai a yanayi. Ana kuma samar da shi ta hanyar roba.
Wadannan sapphires sun fito ne daga Sri Lanka (tsohon Ceylon). Koyaya, an kuma fitar da su a Quy Chau (Vietnam), Tunduru (Tanzania) da Madagascar. An sami saffir ɗin Orange a Umba (Tanzania), amma sun fi duhu fiye da manufa kuma suna da launin ruwan kasa.
Deposit: Sri Lanka, Tanzania da Madagascar.
HAKIKA DA SANNAN SAFIRAI
Lu'ulu'u na kambin Burtaniya sun ƙunshi sapphires da yawa, waɗanda ke wakiltar shugabannin tsarkakakku masu hikima. Kamar kambin St. Edward. Rawanin masarautar ya ƙunshi saffir na Edward the Confessor kuma yana cikin gicciyen Maltese wanda aka ɗora a saman kambin.
Manyan sapphires har yanzu na musamman ne kamar:
- Tauraron Indiya, babu shakka mafi girma da aka taɓa sassaƙa (carats 563) da Tauraron Tsakar dare (Tsakar dare), tauraron tauraron baƙar fata mai lamba 116.
- An gano kimanin shekaru ɗari uku da suka gabata a Sri Lanka, an ba da Tauraron Indiya ga Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta ta JP Morgan.
- Saint Edward da Stuart (carats 104), an saka su cikin kambin masarautar Ingila.
- Tauraron Asiya: An same shi a cikin Smithsonian Institution na Washington (carats 330) tare da Star of Artaban (carats 316).
- Ana nuna carats 423 Logan Sapphire a cikin Gidan Tarihin Tarihi na Smithsonian (Washington). Ita ce mafi girma sananne shuɗin shuɗi. Misis John A. Logan ce ta ba da ita a 1960.
- Amurkawa sun sassaka kawunan shugabanni uku a cikin manyan sapphires: Washington, Lincoln da Eisenhower, a kan dutse da aka samu a 1950, mai nauyin carat 2,097, an rage zuwa carats 1,444.
- Ruspoli ko Rispoli, saffir mai siffar lu'u-lu'u na carats 135.80 mallakar Louis XIV, a halin yanzu a Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halittu a Paris.
- Taskar babban cocin Reims (Faransa) tana da talisman na Carlo Magno, wanda ya sa a wuyansa lokacin da aka buɗe kabarinsa a 1166, kuma daga baya, malamin Aix-la-Chapelle ya ba Napoleon I °. Yana da manyan sapphires guda biyu. Daga baya Napoleon III ya ɗauke shi.
KALMAR HAIHUWA TA SEPTEMBER
Sapphire shine asalin haihuwar watan Satumba kuma ya kasance dutsen Afrilu. Ita ce alamar Saturn da Venus kuma tana da alaƙa da alamun taurari na Aquarius, Virgo, Libra da Capricorn. An ce Sapphires sun ƙunshi kuzarin warkarwa, ƙauna da iko. Wannan gem ɗin na iya ba da gudummawa ga tsabtace hankali da haɓaka ribar kuɗi.
AMFANI DA AIKI NA SAFIRI
Saboda taurin su, an yi amfani da sapphires a aikace. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan amfani sun haɗa da kayan aikin infrared a cikin kayan kimiyyar, manyan windows masu ɗorewa, kristal agogo da wafers na lantarki masu bakin ciki da ake amfani da su a cikin hanyoyin haɗin kai da sauran na'urorin lantarki masu ƙarfi.
Ƙarfin sapphires kuma yana ba da kansa sosai ga yankan da goge kayan aiki. Za a iya sauƙaƙe su cikin ƙananan foda, cikakke don sandpaper da kayan aikin gogewa da kayan haɗin gwiwa.
SYNTHETIC SAPPHIRES
An fara kirkirar sapphires na roba a cikin 1902 daga tsarin da masanin kimiyyar Faransa Auguste Verneuil ya kirkiro. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi ɗaukar foda alumina mai kyau da narkar da shi cikin harshen wuta. Ana sanya alumina sannu a hankali a cikin hanyar tsagewar kayan sapphire.
Sapphires na roba kusan iri ɗaya ne a bayyanar da kaddarorin zuwa sapphires na halitta. Waɗannan duwatsu sun bambanta a farashi amma galibi ana amfani da su a cikin kayan adon da ba su da tsada.
A yau, sapphires na wucin gadi suna da kyau don haka ana buƙatar ƙwararre don rarrabe na halitta daga nau'ikan roba.
Iri -iri
• Sapphire Ruwa: nau'in shuɗi ne na cordierite ko dichroite.
• White sapphire: crystallized, colorless and m corundum.
• Saffir na ƙarya: iri -iri na ma'adini mai ƙyalli wanda ke da launin shuɗi saboda ƙananan haɗarin crocidolite.
• Saffir na gabas: safira ana yabawa sosai saboda haske ko gabas.
Abubuwan da ke ciki